Online Pulse Compensation for Energy Spectrum Determination: A Pole-Zero Cancellation and Unfolding Approach

Abstract

Signal conditioning circuits in particle energy spectrum determination systems introduce shaping characteristics that affect pulse integrity. This study investigates algorithms to compensate for these effects, focusing on digital signal processing techniques for pole-zero cancellation (PZC) and unfolding. The PZC algorithm effectively corrects baseline shifts and pulse amplitude loss, significantly improving signal fidelity. Although the application of digital PZC in streaming mode for high event rates was previously considered impractical, this work proposes an FPGA-based implementation combined with the unfolding method, enabling online compensation and improved performance under various experimental conditions.